The tensile and compressive strength of steel structure is relatively high, the member section is small, the weight is light, the structural performance is good, the construction speed is fast, and the environmental pollution is small, so the steel structure engineering is suitable for a variety of structural forms and places. Today, Jinan light steel structure summarizes the common quality accidents and accident causes of light steel structure engineering, let's see together.

　　輕型鋼結(jié)構(gòu)工程常見質(zhì)量事故

　　Common quality accidents of light steel structure engineering

　　01

　　01

　　網(wǎng)架工程常見質(zhì)量事故

　　Common quality accidents in grid structure engineering

　?。?）桿件彎曲變形或局部斷裂；

　　(1) The bending deformation or local fracture of the bar;

　　（2）桿件封板或錐頭焊縫連接破壞；

　　(2) The connection of sealing plate or cone head weld is damaged;

　?。?）節(jié)點(diǎn)變形或斷裂；

　　(3) The joint is deformed or fractured;

　?。?）焊縫不飽滿或有氣泡、夾渣、微裂縫超過規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；

　　(4) The weld is not full or there are bubbles, slag inclusion and micro cracks, which exceed the specified standard;

　　（5）高強(qiáng)螺栓斷裂或從球節(jié)點(diǎn)中拔出；

　　(5) The high strength bolt is broken or pulled out from the ball joint;

　　（6）桿件在節(jié)點(diǎn)相碰，上弦支撐時(shí)支座腹桿與支承結(jié)構(gòu)相碰；

　　(6) The members collide at the nodes, and the web member of the support collides with the supporting structure when the upper chord is supported;

　　（7）支座節(jié)點(diǎn)位移；

　　(7) The displacement of bearing node;

　?。?）網(wǎng)架撓度過大，超過了設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)定相應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)值的1.15倍。

　　(8) The deflection of the grid is too large, which exceeds 1.15 times of the corresponding design value specified in the design.
                                                 

　　02

　　02

　　門式剛架工程常見質(zhì)量事故

　　Common quality accidents in portal frame engineering

　?。?）主要構(gòu)件變形、扭曲；

　　(1) Deformation and distortion of main components;

　?。?）預(yù)埋件不符圖紙、規(guī)范要求，高差超標(biāo)，間距超標(biāo)；

　　(2) The embedded parts do not meet the requirements of drawings and specifications, the height difference exceeds the standard, and the spacing exceeds the standard;

　?。?）鋼架整體垂直度和整體平面彎曲超差，梁柱端板孔位不對(duì)應(yīng)，大小錯(cuò)位；

　　(3) The overall perpendicularity and overall plane bending of the steel frame are out of tolerance, and the hole positions of beam and column end plate are not corresponding, and the size is misplaced;

　?。?）主要受力節(jié)點(diǎn)焊縫不飽滿或有氣泡、夾渣、微裂縫超過規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等；

　　(4) The weld seam of the main load-bearing joints is not full or there are bubbles, slag inclusion and microcracks exceeding the specified standard;

　　（5）附屬穩(wěn)定結(jié)構(gòu)如：支撐、系桿、隅撐等位置不合理、或加工錯(cuò)誤；

　　(5) Auxiliary stable structures such as: unreasonable position of support, tie bar and corner brace, or wrong processing;

　?。?）次要構(gòu)件不符合質(zhì)量要求。

　　(6) Secondary components do not meet the quality requirements.

　　主要原因

　　main cause

　　01

　　01

　　設(shè)計(jì)原因

　　Design reasons

　?。?）結(jié)構(gòu)形式選擇不合理，桿件截面匹配不合理，忽視構(gòu)件初彎曲、初偏心和次應(yīng)的影響，設(shè)荷載低算和漏算或荷載組合不當(dāng)；

　　(1) The results show that the selection of structural form is unreasonable, the cross-section matching of members is unreasonable, the influence of initial bending, initial eccentricity and secondary stress of members is ignored, and the load calculation is low or omitted or the load combination is improper;

　?。?）材料選擇不合理；

　　(2) The material selection is unreasonable;

　?。?）計(jì)算方法選擇、假設(shè)條件、電算程序有誤未能發(fā)現(xiàn)；

　　(3) There are errors in the selection of calculation methods, assumptions and computer programs;

　?。?）結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算后，不經(jīng)復(fù)核就進(jìn)行材料代換，導(dǎo)致超設(shè)計(jì)值強(qiáng)度構(gòu)件出現(xiàn)；

　　(4) After structural design and calculation, material replacement is carried out without review, resulting in the appearance of strength components beyond the design value;

　?。?）圖紙錯(cuò)誤或不全。如尺寸標(biāo)注混亂，設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明不清，對(duì)材料、工藝要求、施工程序及特殊要求部位有遺漏；

　　(5) The drawing is wrong or incomplete. For example, the dimensions are confused, the design description is not clear, and there are omissions in materials, process requirements, construction procedures and special requirements;

　?。?）節(jié)點(diǎn)構(gòu)造有誤，細(xì)部考慮不全面。

　　(6) The node structure is wrong, and the detailed consideration is not comprehensive.

　　02

　　02

　　加工原因

　　Processing reason

　?。?）管理混亂，不同規(guī)格、鋼號(hào)、材質(zhì)材料混雜使用；

　　(1) Management confusion, different specifications, steel grades, materials mixed use;

　　（2）構(gòu)件下料尺寸有誤，構(gòu)件長(zhǎng)細(xì)比不符設(shè)計(jì)要求；

　　(2) The cutting size of the component is wrong, and the slenderness ratio of the component does not meet the design requirements;

　　（3）網(wǎng)架桿件剖口未打、對(duì)接時(shí)焊縫不加襯管或不按設(shè)計(jì)要求焊接；

　　(3) When the grid member is not cut, the welding seam is not lined or welded according to the design requirements;

　　（4）連接高強(qiáng)螺栓不合格；

　　(4) The high-strength bolts are unqualified;

　?。?）構(gòu)件加工有缺陷，螺栓球孔角度偏差大；

　　(5) There are defects in the processing of components, and the angle deviation of bolt ball hole is large;

　　（6）焊縫質(zhì)量差，焊角尺寸未達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求。

　　(6) The weld quality is poor, and the fillet size does not meet the design requirements.

　　03

　　03

　　網(wǎng)架安裝原因

　　Reasons for grid installation

　?。?）地面拼裝時(shí)支撐點(diǎn)不均勻，受力不合理，拼裝時(shí)誤差積累，個(gè)別桿件錯(cuò)誤，導(dǎo)致受力改變，造成網(wǎng)架或個(gè)別桿件變形。

　　(1) During the ground assembly, the support points are not uniform, the force is unreasonable, the error accumulation during assembly, and the error of individual members leads to the change of stress, resulting in the deformation of grid structure or individual members.

　?。?）焊接工藝、焊接順序有誤，產(chǎn)生焊接應(yīng)力，導(dǎo)致變形。

　　(2) Welding process and welding sequence are wrong, resulting in welding stress and deformation.

　?。?）整體吊裝時(shí)，吊點(diǎn)選擇不合理，沒有對(duì)吊點(diǎn)進(jìn)行反力驗(yàn)算、桿件超應(yīng)力驗(yàn)算、撓度驗(yàn)算、對(duì)超應(yīng)力處進(jìn)行必要加固措施。

　　(3) In the integral hoisting, the selection of lifting point is unreasonable, and there is no counter force checking calculation, bar overstress checking calculation, deflection checking calculation and necessary reinforcement measures for the over stress part.

　?。?）整體吊裝時(shí)，各吊點(diǎn)起升速度不同，位移、高差超過允許范圍，導(dǎo)致變形、破壞。

　　(4) During the integral hoisting, the lifting speed of each lifting point is different, and the displacement and height difference exceed the allowable range, resulting in deformation and damage.

　?。?）施工方案選擇錯(cuò)誤，沒有根據(jù)網(wǎng)架結(jié)構(gòu)形式、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工條件合理選擇方案，安裝時(shí)不能形成幾何不變體系，導(dǎo)致變形、破壞。

　　(5) The selection of construction scheme is wrong, and the scheme is not reasonably selected according to the grid structure form and site construction conditions, and the geometric invariant system cannot be formed during installation, resulting in deformation and damage.

　?。?）網(wǎng)架支座預(yù)埋件、預(yù)埋螺栓或柱頂偏移較大，就位困難，強(qiáng)迫就位，導(dǎo)致改變支座受力條件，桿件變形。

　　(6) The displacement of embedded parts, embedded bolts or column top of grid support is large, so it is difficult to put them in place, which leads to change of bearing stress conditions and deformation of members.

　?。?）安裝人員粗心大意，桿件位置、球角度有誤。

　　(7) The installation personnel is careless, and the position of the rod and the angle of the ball are wrong.

　?。?）上弦支撐時(shí)，誤差積累過大，導(dǎo)致支座位移，腹桿與支撐面相碰。

　　(8) When the upper chord is supported, the error accumulation is too large, which leads to the support displacement and the web member collides with the support surface.

　　04

　　04

　　門式剛架安裝原因

　　Installation reasons of portal frame

　?。?）較長(zhǎng)構(gòu)件運(yùn)輸、堆放時(shí)墊放不平整，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間放置，導(dǎo)致變形、扭曲。

　　(1) When the long components are transported and stacked, the cushion is not smooth, and it is placed for a long time, resulting in deformation and distortion.

　?。?）預(yù)埋螺栓位置不正，安裝時(shí)沒有復(fù)測(cè)、沒有校正，導(dǎo)致柱、梁變形、扭曲，鋼架整體垂直度、平面彎曲超差。

　　(2) The position of embedded bolts is not correct, and there is no retest and correction during installation, which leads to deformation and distortion of columns and beams, and the overall verticality and plane bending of steel frame are out of tolerance.

　?。?）梁柱端板孔位不對(duì)應(yīng)、錯(cuò)位，安裝時(shí)端板沒有對(duì)正，螺栓緊固時(shí)沒有按順序緊固。

　　(3) The hole positions of beam and column end plates are not corresponding and misplaced, the end plates are not aligned during installation, and the bolts are not tightened in sequence.

　?。?）現(xiàn)場(chǎng)焊接時(shí)沒有按焊接規(guī)程操作或焊工技術(shù)問題，導(dǎo)致焊縫不飽滿或有氣泡、夾渣、微裂縫。

　　(4) The welding seam is not full or there are bubbles, slag inclusion and micro cracks due to the lack of operation according to the welding procedures or the welder's technical problems.

　?。?）安裝時(shí)沒有詳細(xì)、認(rèn)真領(lǐng)會(huì)圖紙，導(dǎo)致個(gè)別構(gòu)件位置錯(cuò)誤。

　　(5) The installation did not understand the drawings in detail and carefully, resulting in the wrong position of individual components.

　?。?）安裝前沒有按工程實(shí)際情況制訂詳細(xì)施工方案、進(jìn)行技術(shù)交底，導(dǎo)致工序顛倒等現(xiàn)像。

　　(6) Before installation, the detailed construction scheme and technical disclosure were not formulated according to the actual situation of the project, which led to the inversion of working procedures.

　?。?）施工不按順序進(jìn)行，鋼架沒有形成穩(wěn)定結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行下道工序施工，導(dǎo)致整體失穩(wěn)。

　　(7) The construction is not carried out in sequence, and the steel frame does not form a stable structure for the next construction process, which leads to the overall instability.

　?。?）鋼柱剛接插入式柱基時(shí)，混凝土達(dá)不到強(qiáng)度或柱腳固定不牢，進(jìn)行上部構(gòu)件安裝，導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)失穩(wěn)。

　　(8) When the steel column is rigidly connected to the plug-in column base, the concrete cannot reach the strength or the column base is not fixed firmly, so the upper component is installed, which leads to the structural instability.

　　以上是濟(jì)南輕型鋼結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)常見質(zhì)量事故及原因分析，想要了解更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容請(qǐng)繼續(xù)關(guān)注我們的http://iyiner.cn網(wǎng)站。

　　The above is the common quality accident and cause analysis of Jinan light steel structure. If you want to know more about it, please continue to pay attention to our http://iyiner.cn Website.